In this new open access study, researchers examined glycerol monolaurate (GML) in whole pasteurized human milk versus bovine milk and commercial infant formula for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli.
Human milk samples contained approximately 3000µg/ml of GML, in contrast to 150μg/ml in bovine milk and no GML in infant formula. Researchers found that GML fights infections by the above-mentioned harmful bacteria while allowing beneficial bacteria to thrive.
Title: Glycerol Monolaurate Contributes to the Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Human Milk.
In: Scientific Reports 2019 Oct 10;9(1):14550. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51130-y.
Authors: Schlievert PM, Kilgore SH, Seo KS, Leung DYM.
Open access: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51130-y
The press release in ScienceDaily, which mentions that a patent application is underway for GML as a beneficial additive to cows' milk and infant formula: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191010075428.htm